Effect of Calcination Temperature on Electromagnetic Properties of Sandstone Saturated with BFO for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Application

Abstract

In this paper, BFO NPs were synthesized to prepare nanofuid using the nitric-assisted sol-gel method followed by calcination at diferent temperatures 200, 350, 500, and 650°C. Sandstone samples were then saturated with asprepared nanofuids for electromagnetic properties measurements. The efect of calcination temperature on the structural and morphological aspect of BFO NPs was studied using XRD and FESEM. The electromagnetic absorption of the saturated sandstones was measured using the vector network analyzer at X band frequency. The measured scattering parameters were validated with simulation using the fnite element method. The simulation results showed that the maximum absorption from the simulation for each sample are 5.73, 5.93, 36.60, 33.19, 36.13dB for Sbrine, S200, S350, S500, S650, respectively. On the other hand, experimental results showed that the maximum absorption for Sbrine, S200, S350, S500, and S650 is 51.93, 11.63, 8.98, 7.79, 6.97dB, respectively. BFO NPs calcinated at 650°C have the best permittivity values of 10.08 and 3.27 and have the highest real permeability value of 1.22 compared to other samples. Conclusively, the BFO nanoparticle calcinated at 650°C shows the best potential for enhanced oil recovery, which can be selected for further study for EOR application